Psychosocial Development in the Older Adult Population
Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development
This psychological theory relates life span development to stages of later adulthood. Ericson identifies two stages:
Stage 1 - The integrity. An individual exhibits full unification of personality; life is viewed with appreciation for a productive life and a sense of satisfaction; the individual remains optimistic and continues to grow.
Stage 2 - The despair. An individual lacks ego integration; life is viewed with despair and fear of death, feelings of regret and disappointment, and missed opportunities.
Cikulin-Kulinski, K. (2018). Physical therapy clinical handbook for PTAs (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.